Beyond Massive MIMO — Promising Research Directions for Antenna Arrays

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Beyond Massive MIMO — Promising Research Directions for Antenna Arrays


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Beyond Massive MIMO — Promising Research Directions for Antenna Arrays

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Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) is no longer a “wild” or “promising” concept for future cellular networks-in 2019 it became a reality, with 64-antenna base stations (BSs) being commercially deployed in many countries. The development of the Massive MIMO communication technology is now in the hands of the product departments of companies such as Ericsson, Huawei, Nokia, etc. A large number of communications, signal processing, and optimization algorithms have been developed over the last ten years and it remains to be seen which ones will work well in practice. Before the product developers have had the chance to try out the existing algorithms, there is limited need for further algorithmic development and capacity analysis in the scientific literature. It is, therefore, time for MIMO and mmWave communication researchers to change focus towards new applications of antenna arrays. If 5G becomes a commercial success, massive digitally controllable antenna arrays will be deployed “everywhere”. What else can we use this spatial resolution for and how will the antenna deployment evolve beyond 5G? This tutorial starts by giving a brief overview of Massive MIMO and how the many open problems that were identified five years ago have now been solved. Bearing in mind that Massive MIMO was considered science fiction just ten years ago, we now need to target new theoretical but practically challenging problems to develop the next multiple antenna technology. In the tutorial, we outline two such forward-looking research directions: Cell-free Massive MIMO, and Holographic MIMO. We will provide the analytical foundation, a historical background, and a vision for future development.

Beyond Massive MIMO — Promising Research Directions for Antenna Arrays

Luca Sanguinetti (University of Pisa, Italy); Emil Björnson (Linköping University, Sweden)

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